Dyspepsia Or Indigestion

What is Dyspepsia?
Dyspepsia, commonly known as Indigestion or Upset Stomach, is a general term for discomfort in the upper abdomen.

It is not a disease itself, but a collection of symptoms like bloating, fullness, and nausea. It is distinct from Heartburn, which is a burning sensation in the chest.

Indigestion that isn't caused by an underlying disease can often be eased with simple lifestyle changes and medication.

Symptoms

Symptoms are typically felt in the "epigastric" region (between your navel and breastbone):

• Early Fullness: Feeling full soon after starting a meal.
• Uncomfortable Fullness: Feeling "stuffed" long after eating.
• Burning or Pain: Heat or gnawing pain in the upper abdomen.
• Bloating: A sensation of tightness.
• Nausea and Belching.

⚠️ RED FLAG SYMPTOMS
See a doctor immediately if you experience:

• Unintentional weight loss or loss of appetite.
• Repeated vomiting or vomiting blood.
• Black, tarry stools (a sign of bleeding).
• Trouble swallowing that gets progressively worse.
• Severe pain accompanied by shortness of breath (could be a heart attack).

Causes

Indigestion has many triggers, ranging from what you eat to how your body functions.

1. Lifestyle Triggers

• Overeating or eating too quickly.
• Fatty, greasy, or spicy foods.
• Too much caffeine, alcohol, chocolate, or carbonated drinks.
• Smoking.
• Anxiety and stress.
• Certain medications (Antibiotics, Aspirin, Ibuprofen).

2. Medical Conditions

[Image of digestive system diagram]

Sometimes indigestion is a symptom of a deeper issue:

• Gastritis: Inflammation of the stomach lining.
• Peptic Ulcers: Sores on the lining of the stomach or intestine.
• Gallstones.
• Constipation.
• Celiac Disease.
• Functional Dyspepsia: Chronic indigestion with no obvious physical cause.

Diagnosis

If symptoms are mild, a physical exam is usually enough. For severe or persistent cases (especially over age 50), doctors may use:

• H. pylori Test: Breath or stool tests to check for bacteria associated with ulcers.
• Endoscopy: A camera tube is passed down the throat to check the stomach lining.
• Lab Tests: To check for anemia or metabolic disorders.

Treatment

Most cases can be managed by avoiding triggers and using over-the-counter aids.

1. Lifestyle Changes

• Eat 5-6 small meals instead of 3 large ones.
• Avoid eating late at night.
• Chew food slowly and thoroughly.
• Find alternatives for medications that upset your stomach (ask your doctor).

2. Medications

• Antacids: Neutralize stomach acid for quick relief.
• Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs): (e.g., Omeprazole) Reduce acid production.
• H2 Blockers: (e.g., Famotidine) Reduce acid production.
• Prokinetics: Help the stomach empty faster.
• Antibiotics: Only if H. pylori bacteria are found.

Disclaimer: The content provided on this blog is for informational purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician regarding any medical condition.