Dengue fever

What is Dengue Fever?
Dengue (pronounced DENG-gey) is a mosquito-borne viral disease occurring in tropical areas. It is sometimes called "Breakbone Fever" because of the severe muscle and joint pain it causes.

While usually mild, it can develop into a life-threatening form called Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever.

Symptoms

Symptoms usually begin 4 to 10 days after a bite. The fever can spike up to 106°F (41°C). Common signs include:

• Retro-orbital Pain: Severe pain behind the eyes.
• Severe Joint/Muscle Pain: Giving it the nickname "breakbone fever."
• Widespread rash.
• Severe headache.
• Nausea and vomiting.

⚠️ DRUG WARNING: NO ASPIRIN
Do NOT take Aspirin, Ibuprofen (Advil/Motrin), or Naproxen (Aleve) for Dengue pain.

These drugs thin the blood and can increase the risk of severe internal bleeding. Use Acetaminophen (Tylenol/Paracetamol) instead.

Severe Dengue (Hemorrhagic Fever)

As the fever breaks (usually after 3-7 days), a small percentage of patients get worse. Warning signs of severe dengue include:

• Severe abdominal pain.
• Persistent vomiting.
• Bleeding from gums or nose.
• Blood in urine, stools, or vomit.
• Bruising under the skin.
• Cold or clammy skin (signs of shock).

This is a medical emergency requiring immediate hospitalization.

Causes

[Image of Aedes aegypti mosquito]

Dengue is caused by one of four related viruses spread by the Aedes aegypti mosquito. These mosquitoes thrive in and near human lodgings and breed in standing water.

Note: Once you recover, you are immune to that specific virus strain, but not the other three. Being infected a second time with a different strain actually increases your risk of severe dengue.

Diagnosis

Diagnosing Dengue can be difficult because it looks like the Flu, Malaria, or Zika. Doctors use blood tests to detect the virus or antibodies. Be sure to tell your doctor about your recent travel history.

Treatment & Prevention

There is no specific medicine to treat the virus itself. Treatment focuses on symptom relief:

1. Supportive Care

• Hydration: Drink plenty of water and electrolytes to prevent dehydration from high fever and vomiting.
• Rest: Strict bed rest is recommended.
• Pain Management: Use Acetaminophen (Paracetamol) for fever and pain.

2. Prevention

The best prevention is avoiding mosquito bites:

• Use insect repellent containing DEET.
• Wear long sleeves and pants.
• Eliminate Standing Water: Mosquitoes lay eggs in water. Empty flower pots, buckets, and tires around your home.

Disclaimer: The content provided on this blog is for informational purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician regarding any medical condition.